History 1302 Note

* In the reconstruction congress required the ambit up of new put in g everywherenment toyivity for a second time. * The 14th am differencement stipulated that no render sh entirely strip down any person of life, liberty or property, with prohibited due process of laws or deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal certificate of the laws * sue 4th 1689 Former Union General Ulysses S. portion, a re populacean, took agency as the 18th professorship of the US, having campaigned on the shibboleth let us have peace * Alaska had been purchased recently in 1867, for Tsar alexander II of Russia for $7. 2 million * The purchased of Alaska had been criticized as Sewards Folly in banter of secretary of advance William Henry Seward beca map of a touristed view that Alaska was a cold land of little economic value except for hide and fishing. * January, 1870 John D. shakeefeller incorporated the standard Oil Company in Cleveland, Ohio * within 5 geezerhood standard oil c ompany controlled kerosene refineries in New york, Philadelphia and Pittsburgh, and talking over kerosene marting terminal and distri thoors * family phone line 4th, 1872 New York citys Sun newspaper exposed the character reference Mobilier scandal * Massachu set upts congressman Oakes Ames, together with director of the union Pacific rail thoroughfare, had light upon a construction company which received large government contracts * Furthermore, congressman Ames had distri hardlyed shares of the company to different congressman, to official in the cabinet, and to Vice chair Schuyler Colfax * Till 1920 the major(ip)ity of the US population was engaged in land * Farmers and populistic prospects for office favored the coinage of silver, because some thought banks and financiers in the northwest manipulated the price of prosperous * ring 4th 1874 prexy Grant began his second term March 11th, 1874 The Wisconsin legislature passed the potter law, which imposed state regulat ion of railroad encumbrance rates * It was call a husbandman law, because a farmers association growing in importance, the National Grange of the patrons of husbandry, called the Grange for short, had been pushing for government regulation of rail road freight rates * In 1874 what has been called home-rule, the solid federation, and the new southeast was chance instead of boycotting the reconstructed state government, whites began voting in large poetry once more, turning out carpet baggers, scalawags, and radical republicans and replacing them with Democrats * The discovery of gold and silver had been a major factor in drawing commonwealth from the east half of the U. S to California in 1849,, to Colorado and Nevada in 1859, and to south Dakota in 1875 * On the seventh vote, it nominal Ohio governor Ruther cover B. Hayes for death chair * June 26th 1876 in the battle of little bighorn, 265 knight at a lower place the command of Lt. Colonel George A. Custer were killed while pursuing the Sioux in Montana g be givenge * January 16th, 1883 sexual intercourse passed a well-bred service act introduced by senator George H.Pendleton of Ohio, the Pendleton courtly service reform act, which set up a three section direction to oversee entrance exams for 14000 content jobs, to which electric chairs could add in the future. * February, 1883 The senate canonic a treaty of friendship and craft mingled with the US and Korea * March 3,1886 Grover Cleveland a democrat took office as chairwoman * February 4, 1887 Congress passed the interstate highway commerce act, which prohibited railroads from discriminating among shippers, prohibited railroads from fixing prices, prohibited railroads from forming pools to divvy business among themselves and authorized the formation of a chairpersonially appointed quint members interstate commerce commission to regulate rates. On April 22 1889 chair Harrison officially candid while of Indian territory to se ttlement * July 2, 1890 Congress passed the Sherman antitrust act * The Sherman antitrust act outlawed Rockefeller-like trust, in which shares of stock were exchange for certificates, and it outlawed early(a) combinations and conspiracies which restrained interstate commerce and inappropriate merchandise * On whitethorn 19,1891, members of the farmer alliances and labor unions meeting in a regulation in Cincinnati , Ohio, formed a new tidy sums or populist fellowship * July 2, 1982 The newly organized populist ships company in Omaha, Nebraska, and propose a recently discomfited greenback party Iowa congressman, James B. Weaver, for hot seat * The platform of the Populist party called for government ownership of railroads, grain storage facilities, telegraph lines, and telephone line. * It called for the coinage of silver * It called for a graduated income valuate * It called for favourite election of US senators * It called for the secret ballot Test 2 note * February 18 th 1898 a US battleship Maine exploded in Havana Harbor, Cuba * Afterward remember the Maine became a slogan of some American who blames Spain for the explosion and wanted go to war * April twenty-fifth congress declare war on Spain * On July 1 2, 1898, US infantry under gen. Hamilton S.Hawkins took San Joan Hill to the east of Santiago * Nearby, Colonel ( and recent partner secretary of the navy ) Theodore Roosevelt, on horse-back, charge up Kettle Hill, followed by the 9th and 10th African American regiment, on foot * February 6th,1899 the US senate validate the formal treaty ending the Spanish American war, the treaty of capital of France is which Puerto Rico became US pos seance, the US p precaution Spain 20 billion for the Philippines and the liberty of Cuba was recognized * family line 6th,1899, secretary of state John Hay proposed to Britain, Germany, and Russia an clean door policy for China Chinese ports be straight-from-the-shouldered to the wiliness of all nati ons * During the 1900 election campaign, both the democratic presidential candidates William Jennings Bryan, and the republican vice-president candidate Theodore Roosevelt, fervidnessed trust monopoly * celestial latitude 2nd, 1901 electric chair Roosevelt asserted in his first yearbook message to congress, the government should have the right to inspect and examine the kit and caboodle of the great corporations engaged in interstate business. * June 17th,1902 congress passed the Newlands reclamation act, authorizing the president to set by more land for bailiwick parks * In august, 1902, president Roosevelt travelled through New England and the Midwest speaking out against abuses of trust, meaning, in the use if the time, monopolies. * electric chair Roosevelt conspired with the condition chief orchestrate of the French construction of a canal across the Isthmus of Panama, Philippe Bunau-Varilla, in organizing a revolution against capital of southeastward Carolina * On November 3rd,1903, a revolt against Columbia broke out in panama city with arm distributed by the city fire department * Marines from three US hips prevented Colombian troop from reaching Panama city * November 6th,1903 secretary of the state john convert recognized the newly established country of Panama * March 14th,1904 the supreme court decided against the northern securities company in the Sherman antitrust gaffe that the Roosevelt governing body had brought against the company in 1902 and ordered the dissolution of the company * November 8th, 1904 president Roosevelt won the presidential election, to whom, some historians have asserted, a large role of growing urban white-collar vote went. * December 6th, 1904 in his yearbook message to congress, Roosevelt introduced the Roosevelt the Roosevelt corollary to the Monroe doctrine the US may act as an outside(a) police power in the western hemisphere when chronic impairment doing arises. June 4th, 1906 president Roosevel t re selectd the Reynolds and nulls report, which confirmed unhealthy conditions in meatpacking * June 30th,1906 congress passed the double-dyed(a) food and drug act, which was aimed at mislabeling and adulteration of food, and, on, the same day, congress similarly passed the meat inspection act * During 1907 president Roosevelt set aside five subject parks, sextetsometeen national monuments, and fifty one wildlife sanctuaries * June 8th, 1908 subsequently the national saving congress, president Roosevelt appointed a national conservation commission to inventory the countrys natural resources * dread, 1910 during a 16 state tour former president Theodore Roosevelt proposed regulation of corporate involvement in politics, a graduated income tax, inheritance taxes, federal labor regulations, conservation, and a obligation commissionall of which were called new nationalism or square grapple * June 22nd, 1912 when the republican national gathering was adjourning in Chicago, r epublicans who wanted to run Theodore Roosevelt again for president, instead of Taft, met at another location in Chicago and formed the progressive party, which was also called the Bull Moose Party * December 23rd, 1913 president Wilson gestural the Glass-Owens Federal reserve Act, which would go into effect in November, 1914, displace up the federal reserve system of twelve regional bankers banks committed to national banks and optionally to state banks * A presidentially appointed board of governors set quest discount rates on loans to member banks * April 6th, 1917 congress tell war on Germany * January 1st, 1920 the Red Scared began with US attorney superior general A.Mitchell palmers deportation of 500 resident Russians and arrest of more than 6000 other people, most of whom were released afterward * On June 8-12, 1920, the republican national convention met in Chicago and nominated a tobacco chewing, poker playing, whiskey imbibition senator of Ohio, Warren G. Harding, f or president and governor Calvin Coolidge of Massachusetts for Vice-president * Harding was remembered ill-temperedly for the following line make in a speech a month in the first place the republican convention Americas demand is not heroics, but healing, not nostrums, but normalcy * November 2nd,1920 republican senator warren G. Harding of Ohio won the presidential election with 16152000 popular votes and 404 electoral votes over 9147353 popular votes and 127 electoral votes for democrat James M. Cox * March 4th,1921 Warren G. Harding, republican, took office as president * March 4th, 1923 secretary of interior Albert B.Fall re sign(a) during a senate investigation into the lease of naval oil reserves at Teapot Dome, Wyoming, and Elk Hills, California, without competitive summons * In addition to the Teapot Dome Scandal, the administration had been shaken by twain suicides in March, 1923, and a Senate investigation and resignation of the director of veterans bureau, Charles R. Forbes, for mismanagement * expansive 2nd, 1923 president Harding died from an embolism in San Francisco during a trip to the West playground slide and Alaska * October 24th, black Thursday, and again on October 9th, black Tuesday, 1929, the stock market crashed, beginning the gigantic Depression * June 27th July 2nd, 1932 The democratic national convention also met in Chicago and nominate the regulator of New york, Franklin D.Roosevelt, for president * Roosevelt campaigned for a New Deal and accused republicans of catering to special interest and big spending * On March 31th, 1933 Congress created the well-manneredisedian conservation corps to employ young men in national woodwind instrument reclamation project * April 19th, 1933 president Roosevelt, supported by act of congress, took the U. S off the gold standard purposely to devaluate the dollar and embrace the circulation of more money * June 16th, 1933 On the last of day of the Hundred Days, Congress passed the nation al convalescence Act which created the national recovery administration, NRA, to draw up industrial codes, which included minimum wages, maximum hours, and collective bargaining, and created the public whole kit and caboodle administration, PWA, nder the secretary of the interior to fund public construction project * November 8th, 1933 the civil make waters administration was created by executive director order to employ millions directly, bypassing the need of the state governments to match federal grants offered under federal emergency recovery administration * April 8, 1935 congress passed the emergency relief appropriation act, which authorized the president to disburse 5 billion by executive order for work relief and to increase employment by providing useful project * May 6th, 1935 In pursuance of the act, the Works Progress administration, WPA, was set up * From 1933 to 1939 the US national debt had increased to $10,439,000,000 * On December 7th, 1941, lacquerese armed f orces do a surprise attack on the US pacific shew at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, as part of its strategy to hold back the Dutch East Indies, where there was oil Test 3 December 11th, 1941 Germany under Hitler and Italy under Mussolini, allies of Japan, declared war on the US * November 7th, 1942 In doing Torch, US forces under general Dwight D. Eisenhower began landing in Morocco and Algeria * The US forces under General Dwight D. Eisenhower pushed the German and Italian armies toward Tunisia, while the British pushed them from Egypt. * June 6th,1944 D-Day a twelve nation allied expeditionary force (AEF) of 175000 soldiers, 5000 ships, and 6000 airplanes, invaded Normandy, France, from Britain * The invasion was called operation overlord * US General Dwight D. Eisenhower was top commander of the operation * kinfolk 12th,1944 US forces began entering Germany terrific 6th,1945 An US B-29, the Enola Gay, piloted by Colonel Paul Tibbett pass an atomic bomb, little boy, on a site of Jap ans defend industry, Hiroshima * August 9th, 1945 A US B-29, the Bockscar,, piloted by major Charles Sweeny dropped another atomic bomb on a second Nipponese defend industry site, Nagasaki * March 5th, 1946 Former British anthesis look Winston Churchill proclaimed that an iron curtain has desc cease across Europe in a speech at Westminster College in Fulton, Missouri * June 23th, 1947 Congress, in which Republicans out played democrats, passed the Taft-Hartley Act over Trumans veto * The Taft-Hartley Act authorized courts to issue injunctions imposing a from-sixty-to-eighty-day cooling off detail on any strike jeopardizing public health or safety * The Taft Hartley act also made it culpable to use union dues to aid political parties * The Taft Hartley Act made the unsympathetic shop, hiring union members only, illegal, but it did not illegalize the union shop, requiring union rank after hire * US secretary of State George C.marshal indicated that the US would contribute to a n European recovery plan that funneled US aid through an organization representing the participating countries, which became known as the Marshall Plan * December 19th, 1947, death chair Truman presented to Congress the European recovery plan that had been accomplishd at Paris, the Marshall Plan, amending, though, the $28 billion originally negotiated to $17 billion * April 3rd, 1948, Congress passed the external Assistance act, which appropriated $4 billion for the Marshall plan * June 28, 1948 The Foreign uphold appropriations Act directed $6 billion to the Marshall Plan and other foreign aid * July 12-15, 1948 The democratic national convention met in Philadelphia and nominated Truman for president * The democratic national convention adopted a civil right plank * July 17, 1948 sulfurern Democrats, Dixiecrats met in Birmingham, Alabama, formed the States Rights party, nominated Governor Strom Thurmond of souwesterly Carolina for President, and adopted a segregationist plan k * July 6, 1948 President Truman ended racial segregation in the US war machine by executive order and called for an end to racial variety in federal jobs * April 4th,1949 Representatives of the US, Canada, Britain, Belgium, Netherlands, Luxemburg, France, Italy, Denmark, Norway, and Iceland signed the north Atlantic security treaty in Washington DC, setting up an anti-communist, west European-North American, defensive alliance, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, NATO * February 7th, 1950 Republican Senator Joe McCarthy of Wisconsin said that there were communistics in the State surgical incision when he gave a speech to a womens club in Wheeling, West Virginia * 13 days later Senator McCarthy said that he had a list of Communist suspects * July 8th,1950 US general Douglas MacArthur was named Supreme Commander of the UN forces in South Korea, which were made up of mostly US effect * July 20th, 1950 The Senate Foreign relations delegacy reported that Senator Joseph McCarth ys allegations closely Communist in the State Department ( made five months out front) were unsubstantiated * July 7-11, 1952 The Republican National convention met in Chicago, and nominated General Dwight David Eisenhower for president and senator Richard M. Nixon of California for vice-president * The Republican national conventions platform supported a balanced budget, reduction of the national debt, and the Taft-Hartley Act * January 20, 1953 Dwight D. Eisenhower, a republican, was inaugurated president of the United state * July 27, 1954 At Panmunjon, South Korea, near the North Korean border, U.N and North Korean officials signed an armistice and conditions for prisoner exchange * January 12, 1954 Secretary of State John protect Dulles announced a policy of massive retaliation, which he describe as keeping a large strategic reserve in the US to counter any communist threat to take over the Free World * April 7, 1954 President Eisenhower told the press that he favored chroni c US aid to the French in Indochina to prevent Southeast Asia worthy a falling row of dominoes to Communism * April 22 to June 17, 1954 A senate sub committal investigated senator Joseph McCarthy after he had charged that there were Communists in the army, resulting in Senate animadversion of McCarthy on December 2, 1954 * On December 1, 1955 Mrs. Rosa Parks was arrested for sit down in the front white section of a bus in Montgomery, Alabama * A boycott of the bus system led by a local Baptist minister named Martin Luther King Jr. ollowed * From 1956 to 1959 the US slid into a recession, with declines in sales, productivity, and employment * In response, the Federal Reserve System let down its discount rate, and Congress funded construction, especially highway construction, which had been proposed by the Eisenhower Administration * September 4-20, 1957 Governor Orville Faubus of are used the National condom to block the launch of African America students into Little Rock Cent ral High cultivate boulder clay a federal injunction forced the removal of the Guard * September 23, 1957, rioting broke out a Little Rock Central High School * September 25, 1957 President Eisenhower sent the US army in to protect the nine African American students attendance Little Rock high School * September 2, 1958 In the wash of Sputnik, President Eisenhower signed the National Defense facts of life act, setting aside $800 million over four years for the teaching of science and foreign languages in school and colleges and for loans to college students * At the convention Senator Kennedy pushed for medical care for all aged Americans, and, in his acceptance speech, he called for sacrifices on a road to a New Frontier * January 17, 1961 In a live word of farewell Address on TV, president Eisenhower warned about the increasing power of a military industrial complex * January 20, 1961 John F.Kennedy, Democrat was inaugurated President of the US * March 1, 1961 By executive o rder President Kennedy created the Peace Corps, which funded Americans with particular academic fellowship or technical skills in developing countries where the knowledge or skills were needed * March 13, 1961 President Kennedy called for an Alliance for Progress in which US aid would raise health, education, and living standards in central and south America at the grassroots level * During April 17-20, 1961, about 1300 Cuban refugees come at the Bay of Pigs, Cuba, to enter Cuba to set up a rear end of operations to overthrow Fidel Castro, but failed * The Cuban refugees had received military development under the auspices of the CIA since the Eisenhower Administration, they had been transported to the Bay of Pigs on US ships, and they had received US air cover * May 25, 1961 In a speech out front Congress six weeks after the Soviets had placed a man in orbit, President Kennedy proposed sending a man to the moon by the end of the century * July 17, 1962 A proposal for Medicare, which president Kennedy supported, was defeated in the senate * October 22-28, 1962 septenary day long Cuban Missile Crisis occurred. President Kennedy demanded the removal of Soviet missiles from Cuba and ordered the navy to interdict any shipment of Soviet missiles to Cuba * As soviet ship approached Cuba, Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev backed off at the last moment in exchange for assurances that the US would not attack Cuba and would remove its missiles from Turkey if the Soviets removed their missiles from Cuba * November 22,1963 President Kennedy was assassinated in Dallas, Texas * January 8, 1964 President Johnson proposed reducing federal spending and proposed a war on penury in the State of the Union Address * President Johnson increased the number of US military advisor in South Vietnam from 16000 to 21000 * July 2, 1964 a civil rights act outlawed racial discrimination in (1) facilities open to the public, (2) unions, and (3) federal employment, and it authorized the U S attorney general to sue on the behalf of victims of discrimination * January 4,1965 In the state of the Union address, president Johnson recommended government spending in the areas of education, health care, the arts, urban renewal, reduction of pollution, and elimination of poverty for what he called the Great Society * February 7, 1965 president ordered bombing inside(a) north Vietnam after a Viet Cong attack on a base at Pleiku, which was about 200 miles south of North Vietnam * The bombing would continue for three years, till March 31, 1968 * March 15, 1965 President Johnson sent a proposal for a voting rights bill to congress Test 4 July 28, 1965 President Johnson announced that he was sending 50000 more military strength to South Vietnam, manner of speaking the total to 125000 * July 30, 1965 President Johnson signed the Medicare Act in Independence, Missouri, in the nominal head of former President Harry Truman, who had pushed for national health care * August 6, 1965 President Johnson sign voting rights act, which authorized the suspension of literacy tests and the placement of federal registrars at locations where less than 50% of eligible voters had registered * November 3, 1966 President Johnson signed the refined water restoration act, which was directed toward lakes and rivers * President Johnson signed the Air tone Act, which appropriated $428,300,000 over three year to decrease air pollution * March 31, 1968 President Johnson agreeped an any bombing above the 21st analog in North Vietnam, which included Hanoi, and announced that he would not run for re-election * April 11, 1968 president Johnson signed a civil rights act supporting open housing * October 31,1968 president Johnson announced that all bombing of North Vietnam would stop the next day, November 1, 1968 * June 8,1969 president Nixon began the withdrawal of 250000 US military personnel from South Vietnam, explaining it as a turn-over of the war to the South Vietnamese, which the press called Vietnamization * September 16,1969 President Nixon further implemented Vietnamization by the withdrawal of 35000 more US military personnel from South Vietnam * April November the US and Soviet Union negotiated a nuclear non-proliferation Treaty in the Strategic Arms Limitation talks, flavour * April 20, 1970 president Nixon continued Vietnamization by withdrawal of 150000 more US military personnel from South Vietnam * April 30 June 9, 1970 US ground forces crossed into Cambodia from south VN to destroy enemy supply bases after having conducted 3500 secret bombing attacks inside Cambodia since 1969 * November 12, 1971 President Nixon continued Vietnamization by withdrawing 45000 more US military personnel from south Vietnam * November, 1971 January, 1973 President Nixon imposed guidelines for wages and for prices, which he had been authorized to do by an act, the Economic Stabilization Act, recently passed by Congress * January 13, 1972 President Nixon contin ued Vietnamization policy by withdrawing 70000 more US military personnel from south VN * In February, 1972, President Nixon visited Communist China * The trip resulted in a joint communique announcing that steps would be make do normalize relations between the US and Communist China, which would be six years away , and announcing US recognition of Taiwan as part of China * May 26, 1972 President Nixon and Soviet premier Leonid Brezhnev agreed in Moscow to work for peaceful coexistence and signed, the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty, SALT, which was sanctioned by the US senate in August * June 17, 1972 five men assiduous by the Committee to re-elect the President broke into the offices of the Democratic national committee at the Watergate hotel in Washington, DC. August 12, 1972 President Nixon brought his Vietnamization policy to a remainder by withdrawing US ground combat forces remaining in South VN * In October, 1972, the house of Judiciary committee began nearly 2 years of i mpeachment proceedings against president Nixon * The impeachment proceedings were the result of senate and special prosecutor investigations into the Watergate get around in June, 1972, which contradicted a denial by president Nixon that he had anything to do with an attempted cover up of the break-in * January 27,1973 US, South VN, Viet Cong, and North Vietnamese representatives signed a cease-fire agreement in Paris, France * June 13, 1973 President Nixon re-imposed guidelines on retail prices because of inflation * August 9, 1974 Facing the possibility of impeachment as a result of the congressional investigations into Watergate, President Nixon resigned * July 15,1976 The democratic national convention met in New york city and nominated a Washington outsider, former engineer, naval, officer, farmer, and governor of Georgia, James E. Carter, for president * February 24, 1977 President Carter announced curtailment of foreign aid to governments violating human rights * August 4,1 977 the department of energy was created On September 7, 1977, president Carter signed a treaty to turn the panama canal govern over to panama in October, 1979, and to turn the canal itself to panama in 1999, and the US senate would ratify treaty in march 1978 * September, 1978 Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin, President Carter, and Egyptian president Anwar Sadat met at Camp David, Maryland, to negotiate a way to end the state of war that had continued between Egypt and Israel since Israels beginning in 1948 * On February April, 1979, President Carter placed priced controls on oil in the US following a US embargo on Iranian oil and a 50% OPEC price ascension * The embargo on oil from Iran had been imposed after Shah Pahlavi was overthrown in January by Shia Muslims under the leadership of an imam named Rubollah Khomeini * September 27, 1979 Congress approved President Carters request for the creation of a separate department of education * November 4,1979 students took 66 U S citizens in the US embassy in Tehran, Iran, hostage, in aver of the USs allowing Shah Pahlavi to come to the US for medical treatment * April 25, 1980, US military landed overnight near Tehran, Iran to rescue the US hostages but mishaps with the aircraft scuttled the operation * July 16, 1980 The Republican National convention met in Detroit, Michigan, and nominated former announcer and actor Ronald Reagan for president * Ronald Reagan ran on a platform calling for cuts in government spending, for strengthening national defense, and for holding the line on taxes * November 4, 1980 Ronald Reagan defeated Carters bid for re-election with an electoral vote of 489 to 49 and a popular vote of 43,899,248 to 36,481,435 * President Reagans policy of reducing taxes for business and people with high incomes in anticipation that economic growth would more than make up the difference was called supply-side economics, trickle-down economics, and Reaganomics * July 16-19, 1984 The democratic n ational convention met in san Francisco, California, and nominated former Vice-president Walter Mondale for president and New York congresswoman Geraldine Ferraro for Vice-President, the first woman to be nominated for the vice-presidency * Between November 3-6, 1986 the New York times and Washington post ran reports that representatives of Ronald Reagan, before he took office, had covertly agreed to the shipment of pare parts and ammo from the US to Iran in exchange for the release of the hostages on January 20,1981, the day Reagan would take office * November 25, 1986, reports circulated that money received from the sale of arms to Iran had been funneled to the contras in Nicaragua during the period congress had only approved humanitarian aid * July 7-24, 1987 Congressional hearings were held on the reported exchange of arms for the hostages in Iran and diversion of profits to the Contras in Nicaragua, what became known as the Iran-Contra Affair * Secretary of State George Shultz and other administration officials were reluctant to identify the higher-up who had oversight of the exchange and diversion * On June 3,1989, from 300 to 400 pro-democracy demonstrators were at Tiananmen Square in Beijing as the Communist leaders of the peoples republic of China began a Military crackdown in which thousands may have perished * In June 26 1990, in what appeared to many contradict a statement at the 1988 Republican national convention, read my lips.No new taxes, President furnish stated that tax revenue increases would be needed to reduce the famine. * On August 2,1990 President Bush denounced an invasion and annexation of Kuwait by Iraq as in the buff aggression and warned the military dictator of Iraq, Saddam Hussein, that the aggression will not stand * September 11, 1990 President Bush stated to joint session of Congress that administrations policy to oppose control of southwest Asian oil resources by Saddam Hussein, whom he viewed as a brutal, unpredictable d ictator. * On January 12, 1991. Congress authorized President Bush to use ground to liberate Kuwait * On January 17,1991, after the expiration of an U.N deadline for Iraqi forces to evacuate Kuwait, US and a coalition of air forces began six weeks of attacks, called Operation desert Storm, targeting communications, nuclear and chemical weapons facilities, artillery, tanks, and troop positions in Iraq * August 15, 1991 four year after the beginning of the congressional hearings into the Iran-contra Affair, President Bush signed a bill requiring Presidents to report all covert exercise to congress and to authorized all covert actions in advance with a written presidential finding * February 21,1992 a little over 2 year after Tiananmen Square, the Bush administration lifted US cover sanctions against the Peoples Republic of China * May 19, 1992 the 27th amendment was ratified, preventing a Congress form making salary increases for its members before the next Congressional election. July 16, 1992 the democratic national convention met in New York City nominated Governor Bill Clinton of Arkansas for president * Governor Bill Clinton of Arkansas campaigned as a new democrat and criticized supply-side economics, saying it had produced the highest federal deficit ever. * Governor Clinton placed emphasis on the global economy and packaging of democracy abroad, and he supported air strikes in Bosnia and human rights in China * November 3, 1992 Democratic presidential candidate Bill Clinton won the election, receiving 44909889 popular votes, which gave him an electoral vote of 370, to president Bushs 36481435 popular votes and 168 electoral votes and Ross Perots 5719437 popular votes.